¿No les parece que Londres es la ciudad más impresionante del planeta? Como ya lo he dicho en otras ocasiones, si hubiera capital del mundo, ella debería ser.
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Sobre política, economía, música, deportes y otras curiosidades
Aquí un artículo (de The Economist) sobre Argentina y las nubes económicas en su horizonte.
PD. Cambiando de tema, no todos los alimentos han subido de precio. Las langostas de Maine, por ejemplo, han experimentado una reducción considerable en las últimas semanas. Aquí la fuente.
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One thing that is kind of weird is that I played my first round on Monday and my next match, my second round match, is tomorrow, Thursday, and it's the last match!!! Not second or third or even fourth ... last match.
From a technical point of view it doesn't make much sense but I do understand it is a TV thing and also the tournament has told us that it is because they wanted me to experience the night match and the crowds here at that time.
Aquí la nota.
Mi primera reacción cuando leí el encabezado fue esto es una locura. No tiene mucho sentido, pensé, obligar a un deportista (en este caso, una jugadora de golf) hablar un idioma en particular (en este caso, inglés).
Pero al leer la nota, poco a poco, mi reacción inicial fue cambiando y creo que es una decisión que beneficia a la liga y a las muy pocas jugadoras que no hablan inglés.
Me explico.
La liga de golfistas profesionales en los Estados Unidos (LPGA) adoptará, hacia finales del proximo año (2009), una nueva política que obliga a todas las jugadoras hablar en inglés. En caso que no lo hagan, las jugadoras podrían ser suspendidas y no se les permitirá jugar profesionalmente. Las jugadoras tendrán que aprobar un examen oral y mostrar que entienden y hablan inglés.
¿Y eso? ¿Por qué este requisito? Cito la nota.
"We're focusing on the fact that we're in the sports entertainment business and we have to interact with fans and sponsors," LPGA deputy commissioner Libba Galloway said. "We want to emphasize to our players that they need to be approachable.
"I had to step back and say, 'That's pretty drastic,' " he said. "But from a business standpoint, they need to do that. The ability to secure sponsors is a function of how well you're known and how well you communicate."
El tema de la seguridad pública sigue en la mesa. El jueves de la semana pasada sesionó en el Palacio Nacional el Consejo Nacional de Seguridad. Un evento muy vistoso y lucidor y cuyos resultados concretos están por verse.
Ayer se publicó en varios medios el texto del Acuerdo Nacional por la Seguridad, la Justicia y la Legalidad que firmaron los participantes en el Consejo. El texto contiene una breve exposición de motivos y una serie de recomendaciones e intenciones que, según el Acuerdo, se ejecutarán en los próximos meses.
Muchos especialistas analizarán, en los próximos días, la viabilidad de cada una de las medidas presentadas en el documento. Todo ello será, sin duda, una discusión muy interesante. No obstante, debo decir que, en su gran mayoría, las medidas que se presentaron en el documento no son nuevas: son replanteamientos de cosas que ya anteriormente se habían dicho.
Hay algunas otras que inclusive no es claro como contribuirán a reducir los niveles de inseguridad. Por ejemplo, en el Acuerdo se habla de… integrar en una sola base de datos el Servicio Nacional de Identificación Personal que sirva de base para el propósito de identificación personal en los trámites más relevantes…
¿De donde sale que otra base de datos con información personal y en manos de los gobiernos reducirá la inseguridad? Es más, podría argumentarse que es más peligroso porque sabemos que la base de datos eventualmente llegará a las manos de gente que la utilizará para otros fines (entre ellas la extorsión).
Por el momento no me referiré a las 75 medidas particulares que retoma el Acuerdo.
Pero si tengo que poner sobre la mesa dos puntos que, en mi opinión, son muy importantes para combatir los niveles de inseguridad. Ninguno requiere de reformas constitucionales o mas presupuesto, pero si autoridades con voluntad por cumplir la ley y ser ejemplo de buena conducta.
Es más, la experiencia internacional indica que en aquellos lugares donde se vivieron episodios de inseguridad y que con el tiempo la redujeron, encontramos la presencia de estos dos temas que voy a mencionar.
El primero es un mensaje claro y contundente que los delitos leves o faltas administrativas se atienden y sancionan. Un ejemplo. El graffiti que regularmente vemos pintado en bardas públicas y privadas, manda una señal de violación al espacio público, de pasividad de la autoridad y de franca impunidad. Su existencia molesta a los ciudadanos que cumplen la ley y envalentona a quienes quieren cometer algún delito.
Si hiciéramos un estudio, podría apostar que las ciudades con menos graffiti tienden a ser ciudades más seguras porque la autoridad está pendiente del cuidado del espacio público y que protege la propiedad de terceros.
El segundo gran elemento que se presenta en los lugares que han reducido la inseguridad es el buen ejemplo que dan los funcionarios públicos y las figuras más visibles de los gobiernos. Este tema lo toco Denisse Dresser en su columna (Casa Mexicana) que publicó ayer el periódico Reforma. Cito a Dresser:... muchos otros miembros de la clase política se refieren a impunidad como si no hubieran contribuido a institucionalizarla. Como si la impunidad fuera un fenómeno desvinculado de su propia actuación. Como si la culpa fuera tan sólo de ciudadanos apáticos y una sociedad que ha perdido los valores. Como si la impunidad no hubiera sido fomentada por gobernadores venales y líderes sindicales corruptos y presidentes acomodaticios. Como si los sentados en el Consejo de Seguridad la semana pasada no hubieran contribuido -desde hace décadas- a hacer de la impunidad una condición sine qua non del sistema político.
En el fondo, es un asunto de autoridad moral que deben tener las personas responsables de vigilar y hacer cumplir la ley. ¿Con que autoridad moral se convierten en garantes de la legalidad quienes no han hecho lo propio en su vida pública? El jueves, por ejemplo, en la firma del Acuerdo, vimos como lo firmaron varias personas que no son ningún buen ejemplo de lo que debe ser un líder político o uno sindical.
En conclusión, el jueves se presentaron muchas medidas que buscan reducir los índices de inseguridad. No se si sean las mejores o las peores. Eso no es lo importante. Lo único que puedo asegurar es que si las autoridades no atienden los delitos o agravios menores y no tienen autoridad moral para hacer cumplir la ley, sus esfuerzos serán infructuosos y tristemente, en algunos cuantos años (como ha sucedido en el pasado) nos encontraremos en el mismo lugar.
Everything in Suffolk is much more dried-up than in Kent. Until the day we arrived there had been no rain for many weeks & various crops had failed. Near S’wold saw several fields of oats & barley being harvested which had grown only 1’ or 18” high. Ears nevertheless seemed normal. Wheat crop all over the world said to be heavy.
A bedstraw hawk-moth found in our back garden & mounted by Dr Collings¹. Evidently a straggler from the continent. Said to be the first seen in that locality for 50 years.
Little owl very common round here. Brown owl does not seem to exist.
Dr C. says the snake I caught was the “smooth snake”, non-poisonous & not very common.
Today hot again.
Gipsies beginning to arrive for the hop-picking. As soon as they have pitched their caravans the chickens are let loose & apparently can be depended on not to stray. The strips of tin for cloth-pegs are cut of biscuit boxes. Three people were on the job, one shaping the sticks, one cutting out the tin & another nailing it on. I should say one person doing all these jobs (also splitting the pegs after nailing) could make 10-15 pegs an hour.
Another white owl this evening.
¹The Blairs’ family doctor at Southwold from 1921. His son, Dennis, was a friend of Orwell’s; see 109, n. 1. (Peter Davison)
¿Acaso una fotografía hecha con diamantes vale más que una hecha con jarabe de chocolate?
Working-Class Roots. Biden is a lunch-bucket Democrat. His father was rich when he was young — played polo, cavorted on yachts, drove luxury cars. But through a series of bad personal and business decisions, he was broke by the time Joe Jr. came along. They lived with their in-laws in Scranton, Pa., then moved to a dingy working-class area in Wilmington, Del. At one point, the elder Biden cleaned boilers during the week and sold pennants and knickknacks at a farmer’s market on the weekends.
Even today, after serving for decades in the world’s most pompous workplace, Senator Biden retains an ostentatiously unpretentious manner. He campaigns with an army of Bidens who seem to emerge by the dozens from the old neighborhood in Scranton. He has disdain for privilege and for limousine liberals — the mark of an honest, working-class Democrat.
Democrats in general, and Obama in particular, have trouble connecting with working-class voters, especially Catholic ones. Biden would be the bridge.
Honesty...Today, Biden’s conversational style is tiresome to some, but it has one outstanding feature. He is direct. No matter who you are, he tells you exactly what he thinks, before he tells it to you a second, third and fourth time.
Loyalty... New administrations are dominated by the young and the arrogant, and benefit from the presence of those who have been through the worst and who have a tinge of perspective. Moreover, there are moments when a president has to go into the cabinet room and announce a decision that nearly everyone else on his team disagrees with. In those moments, he needs a vice president who will provide absolute support. That sort of loyalty comes easiest to people who have been down themselves, and who had to rely on others in their own moments of need.
Experience... When Biden was a young senator, he was mentored by Hubert Humphrey, Mike Mansfield and the like. He was schooled in senatorial procedure in the days when the Senate was less gridlocked. If Obama hopes to pass energy and health care legislation, he’s going to need someone with that kind of legislative knowledge who can bring the battered old senators together, as in days of yore.
Biden’s the one. The only question is whether Obama was wise and self-aware enough to know that.
Brooks ya tiene respuesta.
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Imagine that America had no system of post-secondary education, and you were a member of a task force assigned to create one from scratch. One of your colleagues submits this proposal:
First, we will set up a single goal to represent educational success, which will take four years to achieve no matter what is being taught. We will attach an economic reward to it that seldom has anything to do with what has been learned. We will urge large numbers of people who do not possess adequate ability to try to achieve the goal, wait until they have spent a lot of time and money, and then deny it to them. We will stigmatize everyone who doesn't meet the goal. We will call the goal a "BA."
You would conclude that your colleague was cruel, not to say insane. But that's the system we have in place.
Finding a better way should be easy. The BA acquired its current inflated status by accident. Advanced skills for people with brains really did get more valuable over the course of the 20th century, but the acquisition of those skills got conflated with the existing system of colleges, which had evolved the BA for completely different purposes.
Outside a handful of majors -- engineering and some of the sciences -- a bachelor's degree tells an employer nothing except that the applicant has a certain amount of intellectual ability and perseverance. Even a degree in a vocational major like business administration can mean anything from a solid base of knowledge to four years of barely remembered gut courses.
The solution is not better degrees, but no degrees. Young people entering the job market should have a known, trusted measure of their qualifications they can carry into job interviews. That measure should express what they know, not where they learned it or how long it took them. They need a certification, not a degree.
The model is the CPA exam that qualifies certified public accountants. The same test is used nationwide. It is thorough -- four sections, timed, totaling 14 hours. A passing score indicates authentic competence (the pass rate is below 50%). Actual scores are reported in addition to pass/fail, so that employers can assess where the applicant falls in the distribution of accounting competence. You may have learned accounting at an anonymous online university, but your CPA score gives you a way to show employers you're a stronger applicant than someone from an Ivy League school.
The merits of a CPA-like certification exam apply to any college major for which the BA is now used as a job qualification. To name just some of them: criminal justice, social work, public administration and the many separate majors under the headings of business, computer science and education. Such majors accounted for almost two-thirds of the bachelor's degrees conferred in 2005. For that matter, certification tests can be used for purely academic disciplines. Why not present graduate schools with certifications in microbiology or economics -- and who cares if the applicants passed the exam after studying in the local public library?
Certification tests need not undermine the incentives to get a traditional liberal-arts education. If professional and graduate schools want students who have acquired one, all they need do is require certification scores in the appropriate disciplines. Students facing such requirements are likely to get a much better liberal education than even our most elite schools require now.
Certification tests will not get rid of the problems associated with differences in intellectual ability: People with high intellectual ability will still have an edge. Graduates of prestigious colleges will still, on average, have higher certification scores than people who have taken online courses -- just because prestigious colleges attract intellectually talented applicants.
But that's irrelevant to the larger issue. Under a certification system, four years is not required, residence is not required, expensive tuitions are not required, and a degree is not required. Equal educational opportunity means, among other things, creating a society in which it's what you know that makes the difference. Substituting certifications for degrees would be a big step in that direction.
The incentives are right. Certification tests would provide all employers with valuable, trustworthy information about job applicants. They would benefit young people who cannot or do not want to attend a traditional four-year college. They would be welcomed by the growing post-secondary online educational industry, which cannot offer the halo effect of a BA from a traditional college, but can realistically promise their students good training for a certification test -- as good as they are likely to get at a traditional college, for a lot less money and in a lot less time.
Certification tests would disadvantage just one set of people: Students who have gotten into well-known traditional schools, but who are coasting through their years in college and would score poorly on a certification test. Disadvantaging them is an outcome devoutly to be wished.
No technical barriers stand in the way of evolving toward a system where certification tests would replace the BA. Hundreds of certification tests already exist, for everything from building code inspectors to advanced medical specialties. The
problem is a shortage of tests that are nationally accepted, like the CPA exam.But when so many of the players would benefit, a market opportunity exists. If a high-profile testing company such as the Educational Testing Service were to reach a strategic decision to create definitive certification tests, it could coordinate with major employers, professional groups and nontraditional universities to make its tests the gold standard. A handful of key decisions could produce a tipping effect. Imagine if Microsoft announced it would henceforth require scores on a certain battery of certification tests from all of its programming applicants. Scores on that battery would acquire instant credibility for programming job applicants throughout the industry.
An educational world based on certification tests would be a better place in many ways, but the overarching benefit is that the line between college and noncollege competencies would be blurred. Hardly any jobs would still have the BA as a requirement for a shot at being hired. Opportunities would be wider and fairer, and the stigma of not having a BA would diminish.
Most important in an increasingly class-riven America: The demonstration of competency in business administration or European history would, appropriately, take on similarities to the demonstration of competency in cooking or welding. Our obsession with the BA has created a two-tiered entry to adulthood, anointing some for admission to the club and labeling the rest as second-best.
Here's the reality: Everyone in every occupation starts as an apprentice. Those who are good enough become journeymen. The best become master craftsmen. This is as true of business executives and history professors as of chefs and welders. Getting rid of the BA and replacing it with evidence of competence -- treating post-secondary education as apprenticeships for everyone -- is one way to help us to recognize that common bond.
If men were angels, no government would be necessary. If angels were to govern men, neither external nor internal controls on government would be necessary. In framing a government which is to be administered by men over men, the great difficulty lies in this: You must first enable the government to control the governed; and in the next place, oblige it to control itself.
... And last week he took a step closer to that goal by laying down 26 new decrees designed to eviscerate property rights and further consolidate economic power in the presidential palace. He also nationalized the third-largest bank in the country...
... The government has proclaimed food production and distribution a public good, which means that the state can intervene in any way it wants...
... Mr. Chávez has spent nearly a decade trying to transform Venezuela into a centrally planned economy. The results are dismal. There are food shortages, private-sector investment and employment are shrinking, and inflation for the past 12 months was almost 34%. A rising homicide rate suggests that civil order is breaking down...
...Last week, his handpicked supreme court ruled that 260 aspiring candidates for the November municipal and gubernatorial elections -- most of whom oppose him -- will be barred from the ballot because they have been accused of corruption....
... More ominous is the growing list of political prisoners. One is Ivan Simonovis, the former chief of the Caracas metropolitan police, who during his tenure earned a reputation as a disciplined professional and dedicated crime fighter. He was the top cop in the city on April 11, 2002, the day of a mass protest that provoked the brief resignation of the president...
... His wife Bonny is one of his lawyers, and I spoke to her by telephone on Thursday. She told me it is against Venezuelan law to hold a suspect for more than two years, but her appeals for his freedom have been rejected. She also said that during his entire three years and eight months of incarceration, her husband has been held in solitary in a four square-meter cell that has no windows and no ventilation. His health has deteriorated...
... Another political prisoner is National Guard Lt. Col. Humberto Quintero, who was responsible for capturing Colombian terrorist leader Rodrigo Granda in Venezuela in December 2004 and turning him over to Colombia. Mr. Quintero ought to be treated as a hero in Venezuela. Instead he has been thrown into a maximum security prison and has been allegedly tortured....
That would allow China to edge out the United States as the leading medal miner in Beijing. ... projects the American medal count will fall nearly 20 percent from 2004, from 108 to 87. Other big losers: Russia, Germany, Australia, Japan, and France.
Ellas son la voz mesurada de la historia, las músicas y las letras que nos muestran por qué misteriosos y complicados caminos llegamos a la sala de una casa acogedora, a un barrio que nos creó el primer sentido de pertenencia, a una mesa poblada de ciertas viandas y determinadas frutas, al universo de aromas que nos acompañará el resto de la vida. Ellas son los frascos de loción antigua, las conchas-nácar mezcladas con limón para mantener el cutis adolescente sin espinillas, los ritos reposados previos al dormir y el paso bien ritmado hacia el templo los días de las liturgias obligatorias y solemnes. Son también los guisos de la tribu familiar traducidos de libretas amarillentas en las que las recetas seculares se expresan en medidas incomprensibles para los nietos y en nombres de condimentos cuyos significados hay que ir a buscar al diccionario.
Las abuelas son los vestidos y los peinados de las fotos desgastadas por los años, los dedos, las risas y las lágrimas; las plegarias inolvidables, sencillas y arcaicas que resisten el oleaje de libros, universidades, escepticismos y racionalidades, son la mesa puesta como debe ser, el saludo que no se niega a nadie, la mirada que envuelve a los ojos. Por la abuela aprendí que vengo de donde se dice escarpa en lugar de acera, fustán y no mediofondo, sifa y no coladera, levántalo y no guárdalo, no me pienses en vez de “no te preocumpes por mí”.
Gracias a ellas los momentos inmediatos anteriores al sueño infantil se llenaban de canciones, y las tardes -a la hora de sacar los sillones para “tomar el fresco” viendo pasar las calesas- de relatos. Por ellas aprendimos de dónde venimos sin que a ese pasado hecho de gozos y sufrimientos, de normas, axiomas y consejas se le atara un futuro fatal. Ellas nos pusieron en la ruta, pero no nos trazaron el sendero. Las abuelas son los vestidos de lino y los abanicos de sándalo, el jabón de olor y la mano conducida al agua o la piedra transfiguradas por la fe y de regreso a la frente aún sin estrías.
Ellas nos enseñaron el recuerdo y a recordar, las frases sapienciales y las normas inviolables, el juicio y la comprensión, la tradición y el guiño, la dureza necesaria y la imprescindible ternura, los juegos sin juguetes, los versos del amor joven, los signos de la lluvia, el uso del tiempo en una época que pretende tener al tiempo de empleado, el ahorro y la generosidad, la diferencia entre la discreción y el secreto, la piedad y la compasión, el valor de la amistad y el sentido de la limosna, la riqueza de la tertulia y la inexistencia de la soledad.
Las abuelas son la miel de abeja, los vasos limpios, la urdimbre del frivolité, el sabor amable del dulce casero, el platillo confeccionado con lo que sobró de las comidas de la semana, todas las sillas en torno de la misma mesa, los varones adultos a los que no se les permite olvidar el beso, los parientes lejanos que se acercan en las cartas escritas con letra inglesa o en caracteres a veces indescifrables, los velorios y los duelos, las gratitudes ancestrales que sobreviven a las barbaridades inmediatas, los sobrinos ubicados en el sitio preciso del árbol genealógico, cada quien en su casa y Dios en la de todos.
¿Quién sabe en que rincón del planeta acabó deteniendo su nomadismo el hermano mayor de los primos segundos, con quién se casó, cuantos hijos tiene y cuándo fue la última vez que estuvo aquí? La abuela. ¿Quién recuerda los nombres de los testigos de la boda de la hija del socio perdido del tío abuelo, y si iban adecuadamente vestidos para la ceremonia? La abuela. ¿A quién se le pregunta si el apellido homónimo que salió en una esquela es realmente de alguien de la familia? A la abuela. ¿Quién recibe con entusiasmo al nieto cuando los papás quieren salir solos? La abuela. ¿Quién se queda sola cuando los jóvenes deciden disfrutar las cosas de su tiempo? La abuela. ¿Quién va dejando vacíos los estantes y los cofrecillos para gusto de las hijas, las nueras y las nietas, hasta que sólo lo quedan los aretes de su propio matrimonio y el anillo nupcial? La abuela. ¿Quién guarda en la cabeza el mapa íntegro de la diáspora?
Ella.Los hijos perdemos a las abuelas cuando nuestros vástagos están a punto de darnos nietos. Entonces empezamos a construir la memoria que le entregaremos a éstos. Estará hecha con lo que ellas nos dieron, más que con lo que nos legaron nuestros padres. Por eso los nietos “abuelean” incluso en los hervores adolescentes que los mueven hacia el asesinato de los progenitores. Los papás morimos. Los abuelos no. Las abuelas nunca se pierden. Ser padre, en nuestros tiempos, es algo que se parece demasiado a una técnica o a una destreza que hay que adquirir -de maestros, locutores, páginas, conferencias, sicólogos, charlatanes, sacerdotes y otros medios-; es un modo de actuar. Ser abuelo o abuela es un modo de ser. De ser para siempre.
... Es un jugador fuerte, lo ví, me gustó mucho. Tambien Leadro Augusto tiene un pasaporte mexicano y si tiene un pasaporte mexicano tiene todos los derechos como mexicano. El reglamento de FIFA dice que si tiene pasaporte mexicano, puede jugar con México. Quiero mirarlo, conocerlo, ver cómo trabajaría con nosotros y después vamos a ver...
... Soy sueco, no mexicano, para mí el reglamento es muy fácil, si hay jugadores que tienen pasaporte mexicano tienen derechos civiles como mexicanos, tienen el derecho de jugar con México...